Lời giải
Ta có: A B → . A C → = A B . A C . c o s ( A B → , A C → ) \overrightarrow {AB} .\overrightarrow {AC} = AB.AC.cos\left( {\overrightarrow {AB} ,\overrightarrow {AC} } \right) A B . A C = A B . A C . cos ( A B , A C )
= A B . A C . cos B A C ^ AB.AC.\cos \widehat {BAC} A B . A C . cos B A C
= a . a . cos 60 ∘ a.a.\cos 60^\circ a . a . cos 6 0 ∘
= 1 2 a 2 \frac{1}{2}{a^2} 2 1 a 2
A M → . B N → = ( A B → + B M → ) . ( B A → + A N → ) \overrightarrow {AM} .\overrightarrow {BN} = \left( {\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BM} } \right).\left( {\overrightarrow {BA} + \overrightarrow {AN} } \right) A M . BN = ( A B + BM ) . ( B A + A N )
= ( A B → + 1 3 B C → ) . ( 1 4 C A → − A B → ) = \left( {\overrightarrow {AB} + \frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow {BC} } \right).\left( {\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow {CA} - \overrightarrow {AB} } \right) = ( A B + 3 1 BC ) . ( 4 1 C A − A B )
= [ A B → + 1 3 ( A C → − A B → ) ] . ( − 1 4 A C → − A B → ) = \left[ {\overrightarrow {AB} + \frac{1}{3}\left( {\overrightarrow {AC} - \overrightarrow {AB} } \right)} \right].\left( { - \frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow {AC} - \overrightarrow {AB} } \right) = [ A B + 3 1 ( A C − A B ) ] . ( − 4 1 A C − A B )
= ( 2 3 A B → + 1 3 A C → ) . ( − 1 4 A C → − A B → ) = \left( {\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow {AB} + \frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow {AC} } \right).\left( { - \frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow {AC} - \overrightarrow {AB} } \right) = ( 3 2 A B + 3 1 A C ) . ( − 4 1 A C − A B )
= − 2 3 A B → . 1 4 A C → − 2 3 A B → . A B → − 1 3 A C → . 1 4 A C → − 1 3 A C → . A B → = - \frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow {AB} .\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow {AC} - \frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow {AB} .\overrightarrow {AB} - \frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow {AC} .\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow {AC} - \frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow {AC} .\overrightarrow {AB} = − 3 2 A B . 4 1 A C − 3 2 A B . A B − 3 1 A C . 4 1 A C − 3 1 A C . A B
= − 1 6 A B → . A C → − 2 3 A B → 2 − 1 12 A C → 2 − 1 3 A C → . A B → = - \frac{1}{6}\overrightarrow {AB} .\overrightarrow {AC} - \frac{2}{3}{\overrightarrow {AB} ^2} - \frac{1}{{12}}{\overrightarrow {AC} ^2} - \frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow {AC} .\overrightarrow {AB} = − 6 1 A B . A C − 3 2 A B 2 − 12 1 A C 2 − 3 1 A C . A B
= − 1 6 . 1 2 a 2 − 2 3 . a 2 − 1 12 . a 2 − 1 3 . 1 2 a 2 = - \frac{1}{6}.\frac{1}{2}{a^2} - \frac{2}{3}.{a^2} - \frac{1}{{12}}.{a^2} - \frac{1}{3}.\frac{1}{2}{a^2} = − 6 1 . 2 1 a 2 − 3 2 . a 2 − 12 1 . a 2 − 3 1 . 2 1 a 2
= − 1 12 a 2 − 2 3 . a 2 − 1 12 . a 2 − 1 6 a 2 = - \frac{1}{{12}}{a^2} - \frac{2}{3}.{a^2} - \frac{1}{{12}}.{a^2} - \frac{1}{6}{a^2} = − 12 1 a 2 − 3 2 . a 2 − 12 1 . a 2 − 6 1 a 2
= − a 2 = - {a^2} = − a 2 .