Ta có C n 2 < 2 n {\rm{C}}_{\rm{n}}^{\rm{2}}{\rm{ < }}{{\rm{2}}^{\rm{n}}} C n 2 < 2 n
Khi n → ∞ ⇒ 2 n < 3 n {\rm{n}} \to \infty \Rightarrow {2^{\rm{n}}} < {3^{\rm{n}}} n → ∞ ⇒ 2 n < 3 n do đó C n 2 < 3 n ⇒ n ( n − 1 ) 2 < 3 n {\rm{C}}_{\rm{n}}^{\rm{2}}{\rm{ < }}{{\rm{3}}^{\rm{n}}} \Rightarrow \frac{{{\rm{n}}\left( {{\rm{n}} - {\rm{1}}} \right)}}{{\rm{2}}}{\rm{ < }}{{\rm{3}}^{\rm{n}}} C n 2 < 3 n ⇒ 2 n ( n − 1 ) < 3 n
Ta có l i m 2.3 n − n + 2 = l i m 3 n 2 − n 3 n + 2 . 1 3 n {\rm{lim}}\sqrt {{\rm{2}}{\rm{.}}{{\rm{3}}^{\rm{n}}} - {\rm{n + 2}}} {\rm{ = lim}}\sqrt {{{\rm{3}}^{\rm{n}}}} \sqrt {{\rm{2}} - \frac{{\rm{n}}}{{{{\rm{3}}^{\rm{n}}}}}{\rm{ + 2}}{\rm{.}}\frac{{\rm{1}}}{{{{\rm{3}}^{\rm{n}}}}}} lim 2 . 3 n − n + 2 = lim 3 n 2 − 3 n n + 2 . 3 n 1
{ l i m 3 n = + ∞ 0 ≤ n 3 n ≤ n C n 2 = n n ( n − 1 ) 2 l i m 1 3 n = 0 = 2 n − 1 → 0 ⇒ l i m n 3 n = 0 ⇒ { l i m 3 n = + ∞ l i m 2 − n 3 n + 2 + 1 3 n = 2 > 0 \left\{ {\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc}{{\rm{lim}}\sqrt {{{\rm{3}}^{\rm{n}}}} {\rm{ = + }}\infty }\\{{\rm{0}} \le \frac{{\rm{n}}}{{{{\rm{3}}^{\rm{n}}}}} \le \frac{{\rm{n}}}{{{\rm{C}}_{\rm{n}}^{\rm{2}}}} = \frac{{\rm{n}}}{{\frac{{{\rm{n}}\left( {{\rm{n}} - 1} \right)}}{2}}}}\\{{\rm{lim}}\frac{{\rm{1}}}{{{{\rm{3}}^{\rm{n}}}}}{\rm{ = 0}}}\end{array}} \right. = \frac{2}{{{\rm{n}} - 1}} \to 0 \Rightarrow {\rm{lim}}\frac{{\rm{n}}}{{{{\rm{3}}^{\rm{n}}}}}{\rm{ = 0}} \Rightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc}{{\rm{lim}}\sqrt {{{\rm{3}}^{\rm{n}}}} {\rm{ = + }}\infty }\\{{\rm{lim}}\sqrt {{\rm{2}} - \frac{{\rm{n}}}{{{{\rm{3}}^{\rm{n}}}}} + 2 + \frac{{\rm{1}}}{{{{\rm{3}}^{\rm{n}}}}}} {\rm{ = }}\sqrt 2 > 0}\end{array}} \right. ⎩ ⎨ ⎧ lim 3 n = + ∞ 0 ≤ 3 n n ≤ C n 2 n = 2 n ( n − 1 ) n lim 3 n 1 = 0 = n − 1 2 → 0 ⇒ lim 3 n n = 0 ⇒ { lim 3 n = + ∞ lim 2 − 3 n n + 2 + 3 n 1 = 2 > 0
⇒ lim 2.3 n − n + 2 = + ∞ \Rightarrow \lim \sqrt {{{2.3}^{\rm{n}}} - {\rm{n}} + 2} = + \infty ⇒ lim 2.3 n − n + 2 = + ∞
Đáp án cần chọn là: D