Đáp án đúng là: A
Với x ≥ 0, x ≠ 1, ta có:
D = ( x − 2 x − 1 − x + 2 x + 2 x + 1 ) . ( 1 − x ) 2 2 D = \left( {\frac{{\sqrt x - 2}}{{x - 1}} - \frac{{\sqrt x + 2}}{{x + 2\sqrt x + 1}}} \right).\frac{{{{\left( {1 - x} \right)}^2}}}{2} D = ( x − 1 x − 2 − x + 2 x + 1 x + 2 ) . 2 ( 1 − x ) 2
D = [ ( x − 2 ) ( x + 1 ) 2 ( x − 1 ) ( x + 1 ) 2 − ( x + 2 ) ( x − 1 ) ( x − 1 ) ( x + 1 ) 2 ] . ( 1 − x ) 2 2 D = \left[ {\frac{{\left( {\sqrt x - 2} \right){{\left( {\sqrt x + 1} \right)}^2}}}{{\left( {x - 1} \right){{\left( {\sqrt x + 1} \right)}^2}}} - \frac{{\left( {\sqrt x + 2} \right)\left( {x - 1} \right)}}{{\left( {x - 1} \right){{\left( {\sqrt x + 1} \right)}^2}}}} \right].\frac{{{{\left( {1 - x} \right)}^2}}}{2} D = [ ( x − 1 ) ( x + 1 ) 2 ( x − 2 ) ( x + 1 ) 2 − ( x − 1 ) ( x + 1 ) 2 ( x + 2 ) ( x − 1 ) ] . 2 ( 1 − x ) 2
D = [ ( x − 2 ) ( x + 1 ) 2 − ( x + 2 ) ( x − 1 ) ( x − 1 ) ( x + 1 ) 2 ] . ( 1 − x ) 2 2 D = \left[ {\frac{{\left( {\sqrt x - 2} \right){{\left( {\sqrt x + 1} \right)}^2} - \left( {\sqrt x + 2} \right)\left( {x - 1} \right)}}{{\left( {x - 1} \right){{\left( {\sqrt x + 1} \right)}^2}}}} \right].\frac{{{{\left( {1 - x} \right)}^2}}}{2} D = [ ( x − 1 ) ( x + 1 ) 2 ( x − 2 ) ( x + 1 ) 2 − ( x + 2 ) ( x − 1 ) ] . 2 ( 1 − x ) 2
D = [ x x + 2 x + x − 2 x − 4 x − 2 − x x + x − 2 x + 2 ] ( x + 1 ) 2 . ( x − 1 ) 2 D = \frac{{\left[ {x\sqrt x + 2x + \sqrt x - 2x - 4\sqrt x - 2 - x\sqrt x + \sqrt x - 2x + 2} \right]}}{{{{\left( {\sqrt x + 1} \right)}^2}}}.\frac{{\left( {x - 1} \right)}}{2} D = ( x + 1 ) 2 [ x x + 2 x + x − 2 x − 4 x − 2 − x x + x − 2 x + 2 ] . 2 ( x − 1 )
D = ( − 2 x − 2 x ) ( x + 1 ) 2 . ( x − 1 ) 2 = − 2 x ( x + 1 ) ( x + 1 ) 2 . ( x − 1 ) ( x + 1 ) 2 = − x ( x − 1 ) D = \frac{{\left( { - 2x - 2\sqrt x } \right)}}{{{{\left( {\sqrt x + 1} \right)}^2}}}.\frac{{\left( {x - 1} \right)}}{2} = \frac{{ - 2\sqrt x \left( {\sqrt x + 1} \right)}}{{{{\left( {\sqrt x + 1} \right)}^2}}}.\frac{{\left( {\sqrt x - 1} \right)\left( {\sqrt x + 1} \right)}}{2} = - \sqrt x \left( {\sqrt x - 1} \right) D = ( x + 1 ) 2 ( − 2 x − 2 x ) . 2 ( x − 1 ) = ( x + 1 ) 2 − 2 x ( x + 1 ) . 2 ( x − 1 ) ( x + 1 ) = − x ( x − 1 ) .
Ta có: D = − x ( x − 1 ) = − x + x = − x + 2. 1 2 x − 1 4 + 1 4 = − ( x − 1 2 ) 2 + 1 4 D = - \sqrt x \left( {\sqrt x - 1} \right) = - x + \sqrt x = - x + 2.\frac{1}{2}\sqrt x - \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{4} = - {\left( {\sqrt x - \frac{1}{2}} \right)^2} + \frac{1}{4} D = − x ( x − 1 ) = − x + x = − x + 2. 2 1 x − 4 1 + 4 1 = − ( x − 2 1 ) 2 + 4 1 .
Nhận thấy − ( x − 1 2 ) 2 ≤ 0 - {\left( {\sqrt x - \frac{1}{2}} \right)^2} \le 0 − ( x − 2 1 ) 2 ≤ 0 nên − ( x − 1 2 ) 2 + 1 4 ≤ 1 4 - {\left( {\sqrt x - \frac{1}{2}} \right)^2} + \frac{1}{4} \le \frac{1}{4} − ( x − 2 1 ) 2 + 4 1 ≤ 4 1 .
Dấu “=” xảy ra khi x = 1 4 \frac{1}{4} 4 1 .
Vậy GTLN của D = 1 4 \frac{1}{4} 4 1 khi x = 1 4 \frac{1}{4} 4 1 .