Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 9 to 18.
The so-called generation gap has arguably never been wider, yet it has never been more misunderstood. [I] Picture a family dinner at which a grandparent laments that young people are glued to screens, while a grandchild concludes the elder is irrelevant. Both retreat into their own certainties, leaving their misalignment of values, priorities, and lived experiences entirely unexamined. Commentators habitually frame this estrangement as a consequence of technological acceleration: older generations struggle to master tools that younger ones absorb instinctively, and each side interprets the other's unfamiliarity as evidence of deeper inadequacy.
Social media has transformed what was once a private tension into an intractable cultural spectacle. Viral videos pit young professionals against exasperated older voices, harvesting engagement through generational grievance. Older adults are mocked as technologically incompetent and emotionally rigid; younger generations are dismissed as entitled and incapable of sustained effort. [II] Media features and corporate reports amplify these caricatures into boardrooms, classrooms, and policy chambers, where consequential decisions about employment, education, and social provision are made.
The term 'generation gap' entered popular discourse in the 1960s, but the practice of treating generational difference as fixed, oppositional, and insurmountable has intensified in recent decades. Employers who dismiss younger workers as entitled simultaneously overlook their own rigidity in the face of change. [III] Researchers have documented how the burden of proof is disproportionately assigned to the young: it is consistently they who must adapt their communication styles, suppress their expectations, and perform gratitude for opportunities previous generations received without question. Performance review culture illustrates this imbalance most vividly, as assessments of 'professionalism' routinely encode the preferences of whoever holds the senior position.
Why does this matter beyond interpersonal friction? Surface-level interventions — reverse-mentoring programmes and generational awareness workshops — are adopted by HR departments eager to signal modernity while leaving underlying power hierarchies untouched. [IV] Expecting harmony between generations without fostering conditions for genuine mutual listening resembles asking two musicians to perform in unison when neither has agreed to hear the other's melody. Collaborative possibilities remain squandered, not because the divide is unbridgeable, but because addressing it seriously would require organisations to redistribute power rather than merely rebrand it.
Bridging the generation gap authentically — through enforceable equity, transparent dialogue, and a genuine willingness to revise inherited assumptions — is indispensable if workplaces and families are to harness the full range of human experience across age.