Read the following biography and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the option that best fits each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
Albert Einstein, born on March 14, 1879, in Ulm, Germany, is widely regarded as one of the greatest scientists of the 20th century. From a young age, Einstein showed a remarkable interest in mathematics and physics. His curiosity about the natural world led him to explore complex scientific ideas, despite facing challenges in formal education. He moved to Switzerland in 1895, where he later attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic in Zurich. After graduating in 1900, Einstein worked as a patent examiner while continuing his research in theoretical physics.
In 1905, Einstein published four groundbreaking papers that would revolutionize the field of physics. One of these introduced the theory of special relativity, which fundamentally changed our understanding of space, time, and energy. His famous equation, E = mc², showed the relationship between mass and energy and became one of the most recognized formulas in the world. These contributions earned Einstein a reputation as a brilliant physicist, and he became a professor at the University of Berlin in 1914.
Einstein’s work did not stop with special relativity. In 1915, he completed his general theory of relativity, which expanded on his earlier ideas and explained how gravity affects the fabric of space-time. The theory was later confirmed by experimental observations, such as the bending of light around the sun, which solidified Einstein’s place in history as a scientific genius. During this time, Einstein also became an outspoken advocate for peace, civil rights, and social justice, using his fame to promote humanitarian causes.
In the later years of his life, Einstein continued his scientific work while living in the United States after fleeing Nazi Germany in 1933. He took a position at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, where he spent the rest of his career. Einstein’s work influenced not only physics but also philosophy, cosmology, and other fields of science. He passed away on April 18, 1955, leaving behind a legacy that continues to inspire and shape modern science today.