Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the questions from 26 to 35.
The history of the media is an exciting story about how we have been sharing information since the beginning of civilization and how it has been continuously developing throughout history. Here are some key moments in this development.
Around 1440, Johannes Gutenberg created the printing press, which was a major breakthrough in media history. This machine made it possible to print many books and newspapers quickly, spreading information to more people [I].
The first regular newspaper started in Strasbourg, in modern-day Germany, in 1605. It was published by Johann Carolus, and it marked the beginning of the newspaper industry, which is still a key part of media today [II].
A man called Samuel Morse invented the telegraph in 1837. This invention took advantage of the recent discovery of how to control electricity, and it allowed messages to be transmitted quickly over long distances, for example, between stations on a railway line or between police forces. People could reply immediately if they knew the code, which was also invented by Morse. In 1844, Morse sent the first message from Washington, D.C., to Baltimore, and that was the beginning of instant communication [III].
The Westinghouse Electric Company set up the first commercial radio station, KDKA, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Its first broadcast was made on November 2, 1920, and it was the result of the U.S. presidential election **[IV]. As the ownership of radios spread, the devices gradually became the most popular way to get news and entertainment, eventually reaching listeners all over the world. **
Tim Berners-Lee, a British scientist, introduced the World Wide Web in 1991, changing the Internet from a tool for the army, navy, and air force, into a powerful way for everyone to share information, communicate, and do business. The Web made the internet easy for everyone to use, dramatically changing how we access media of nearly every type.